Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Fundus photograph (right eye)

Retinal photos show microaneurysms adjacent to the macula.

Red free image (right eye)

The red-free image more clearly shows the microaneurysms adjacent to the macula.

Magnified image of right macula

The arrows highlight the microaneurysms adjacent to the macula.

Optomap green separation image (right eye)

Widefield imaging shows no peripheral retinopathy.

Spectralis OCT line scan (right macula)

An OCT macular line scan shows no evidence of macular oedema.

OCT Angiography (6 by 6) Superficial vascular plexus (Right macula)

OCTA shows some possible capillary dropout parafoveally and scattered through the posterior pole in the right eye .

Fundus photography (right posterior pole)

The retinal photo shows scattered microaneurysms and dot haemorrhages in the macula and posterior pole.

Red-free image (right posterior pole)

The red-free image more clearly shows the small microaneurysms and a dot haemorrhage inferotemporal to the fovea.

Optomap green separation image (right eye)

Widefield imaging reveals more dot haemorrhages in the mid-periphery (blue arrows). A Weiss ring is visible inferior to the optic disc (yellow arrow) indicating a previous posterior vitreous detachment. There is no evidence of retinal neovascularisation.

Note the circular area in the centre of this image is an image artefact only.

Spectralis OCT line scans (right macula)

1. The OCT line scan shows subtle intraretinal cystic spaces at the fovea.

2. This scan shows a larger cystic space, adjacent to a microaneurysm, temporal to the fovea. The retinal thickness profile does not appear altered.

Cirrus OCT Angiography - superficial vascular plexus 6x6 (right eye)

OCTA shows the presence of a number of microaneurysms, particularly temporal to the foveal avascular zone.

Fundus photography (left eye)

Retinal photos show numerous microaneurysms, dot and blot haemorrhages at the posterior pole.

Red-free image (left eye)

Red free images show the numerous microaneurysms, dot and blot haemorrhages at the posterior pole more clearly.

Optomap and green separation image (left eye)

Widefield imaging again shows the numerous microaneurysms, dot and blot haemorrhages at the posterior pole (most easily seen on green separation). These images also show two cotton wool spots in the nasal mid-periphery with these areas appearing whitish in colour.

Spectralis OCT line scans (left macula)

The top scan seen here (taken through the fovea) shows no sign of macular oedema. The lower scan captures a microaneurysm nasal to to fovea which is causing some posterior shadowing.

Cirrus OCT Angiography (left macula)

OCTA shows a mild enlargement and irregularity of the foveal avascular zone and several microaneurysms are visible in the superficial vascular complex.

Fundus photograph and red free image (right eye)

Retinal photos show extensive dot and blot haemorrhages with cotton wool spots. Hard exduates are also visible temporal and infero-temporal to the macula.

Optomap and green separation images (right eye)

Widefield imaging shows extensive dot and blot haemorrhages (more than 20 in each quadrant) with cotton wool spots and hard exudates at the macula.

Cirrus OCT line scan (right macula)

OCT through the macula shows intraretinal cystic spaces.

Cirrus OCT line scan (inferior to the right macula)

An inferior line scan shows hard exudates, located in the outer nuclear and outer plexiform layers.

OCT Angiography (superficial vascular plexus)

OCTA shows an enlargement of the avascular zone and an area of capillary dropout inferior to the disc.