Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO)

Fundus photograph and red-free image (right eye)

Retinal photography shows a small branch retinal vein occlusion in the superior vascular arcades of the right eye. Retinal signs include an arcuate region of intraretinal flame-shaped and blot haemorrhages associated with numerous cotton wool spots.

Optomap and red-separation image (right eye)

Widefield imaging shows a small branch retinal vein occlusion superior to the macula in the vascular arcades of the right eye. Retinal signs include an arcuate region of intraretinal flame-shaped and blot haemorrhages associated with numerous cotton wool spots.

An incidental finding in these images is arteriovenous nipping in the inferior vascular arcades.

Spectralis OCT volume and line scans (right eye)

OCT imaging shows diffuse retinal thickening, including small cystic spaces. There is also the incidental finding of a partial posterior vitreous detachment.

Fundus photograph (left superior retina)

The fundus photo shows sclerotic vasculature, retinal haemorrhages and cotton wool spots superior-nasal to the left optic disc.

Optomap and green-separation images (left eye)

Optomap imaging shows a sectoral area of intraretinal haemorrhages, cotton wool spots and vascular sheathing in the superior retina consistent with a branch retinal vein occlusion.

Spectralis OCT line scans (left superior retina)

OCT imaging shows marked intraretinal cystoid oedema within the region of the occlusion.

Spectralis OCT volume scan (left superior retina)

OCT imaging shows marked intraretinal cystoid oedema within the region of the occlusion.

Fundus photograph and red-free image (left eye, superior retina)

Fundus photography shows a previous superotemporal branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) with associated collateral vessels (located superotemporal to the optic nerve head) vascular sheathing, intraretinal haemorrhages, and persistent hard exudates temporal to the macula. Collateral vessels have formed to re-establish venous drainage from the occluded area to functional circulation.

Optomap and green separation image (left eye)

Optomap imaging shows a large, chronic superotemporal branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) associated with collateral vessels (located superotemporal to the optic nerve head and within the temporal macula), vascular sheathing, intraretinal haemorrhages, and persistent hard exudates temporal to the macula.

Arterial attenuation and arteriovenous nipping is visible inferior the optic disc.

Fundus autofluorescence image (FAF)

Autofluorescence imaging highlight past grid laser treatment in the superior and temporal macula extending in the vascular arcades and showed hyperautofluorescence in the macular region.

Spectralis OCT volume and line scans (left eye)

OCT imaging shows areas of retinal thinning, outer retinal / RPE atrophy and disorganisation as well as regions of persistent intraretinal oedema and hard exudates.

Cirrus OCT Angiography (left eye)

OCT-angiography highlights:
- extensive areas of capillary dropout indicating peripheral retinal ischaemia.
- collateral vessels superotemporal to the optic nerve head and within the temporal macula.

Fundus photograph and red-free image (right eye)

Fundus photos of the right eye show a superior branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) involving the macula, with signs of vascular sheathing and intraretinal flame-shaped haemorrhages adjacent to the optic disc, and focal laser treatment.

Fundus photograph and red-free image (left eye)

Retinal photos of the left eye show a chronic BRVO in the superior-temporal arcades associated with numerous retinal collaterals, vascular sheathing and intraretinal hard exudates.

Optomap and green separation image (right eye)

Optomap images of the right eye show a superior branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) involving the macula, with signs of vascular sheathing and intraretinal flame-shaped haemorrhages adjacent to the optic disc, and focal laser treatment

Optomap and green separation image (Left temporal retina)

Optomap images show a chronic BRVO in the superior-temporal arcades associated with numerous retinal collaterals, vascular sheathing and intraretinal hard exudates. The images also reveal intraretinal blot haemorrhages peripheral to the site of the occlusion

Spectralis OCT line scan (left eye)

OCT imaging through the retina superior temporal to the macula shows areas of intraretinal oedema, hard exudates, irregularities in retinal thickness with focal areas of inner retinal atrophy, and possible epiretinal membrane formation.

Spectralis OCT volume scan (left temporal retina)

OCT imaging through the retina superior temporal to the macula shows areas of intraretinal oedema, hard exudates and irregularities in retinal thickness with focal areas of inner retinal atrophy, and possible epiretinal membrane formation.